Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL), sometimes called an “ear stroke,” is a serious condition where an individual experiences a rapid decline in hearing, in either one or both ears. This loss can happen suddenly or develop over a few days.
If not addressed quickly, it may lead to either temporary or permanent hearing loss. Knowing what an ear stroke is and how to respond has the potential to influence its outcome if one occurs.
What Exactly is an Ear Stroke?
An ear stroke involves an abrupt and unexplained decrease in hearing, usually occurring within a 72-hour period. Many people first become aware of the problem upon waking up or when attempting to use the affected ear. The exact causes of this condition are often uncertain, with only about 10% of cases having a clear origin.
Several factors may contribute to an ear stroke, including interruptions in blood flow to the inner ear, viral infections or physical injury. The inner ear depends on a consistent blood supply to function properly, and disruptions can lead to sudden hearing loss.
Autoimmune diseases, which involve the body’s immune system attacking its own cells, may also be involved, as can certain medications known to be harmful to hearing (ototoxic drugs) or conditions like Ménière’s disease.
Recognizing the Symptoms of an Ear Stroke
The primary indicator of an ear stroke is a rapid loss of hearing in one ear, but other symptoms often accompany it. These may include a feeling of fullness in the ear, dizziness, vertigo and tinnitus, which is a ringing or buzzing sound. Some people might also feel off-balance or experience nausea.
It’s important to differentiate an ear stroke from other types of hearing loss, such as those related to aging or chronic noise exposure. Unlike these conditions, an ear stroke occurs swiftly and without prior warning. If you experience sudden hearing loss, particularly with any of the associated symptoms, seek medical attention right away. Early intervention can significantly improve the chances of recovering lost hearing.
Treatment and Prognosis
Treatment for an ear stroke varies based on its cause and how quickly it is administered. High-dose corticosteroids are frequently used to reduce inflammation and swelling in the inner ear. If a circulatory issue like a blood clot is suspected, medications to improve blood flow may be prescribed.
The best outcomes are typically seen when treatment begins within the first two weeks after symptoms appear. Delaying medical care can increase the risk of permanent hearing loss.
If hearing does not return, alternatives such as hearing aids or cochlear implants may be considered. These devices can help amplify sounds that would otherwise be missed and improve quality of life, making it easier to engage in everyday activities like enjoying a coffee date at a [local-coffee shop].
If you or someone you know experiences sudden hearing loss, it is essential to seek prompt medical assistance to improve recovery chances and minimize lasting effects. For more information on hearing health or to schedule a hearing test, contact Hampton Roads ENT ~ Allergy today.